![]() ![]() The median OS was 309 days and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 178 days. Seventeen out of 18 (94.5%) dogs achieved clinical response. The reported median OSs of dogs with intranasal tumors treated with palliative-intent hypofractionated radiation therapy ranges from 4.8 to 10.3 months ( 11– 14).Ī prospective study of 18 intranasal tumor dogs treated with a 4 Gy × 5 daily palliative-intent radiation protocol was published ( 13). Hypofractionation with larger fractional doses is commonly being used ( 11– 14). Several reports of palliative-intent radiation therapy for canine intranasal tumors have been published, but there is no standard palliative-intent protocol. ![]() The goal of palliative-intent radiation therapy for dogs with intranasal tumors is to improve quality of life by relieving pain associated with bony lysis, inflammation, or tissue compression caused by tumors, and associated clinical signs, primarily epistaxis, nasal congestion and discharge, while minimizing acute radiation side effects and time under treatment ( 11– 13). Palliation is treatment to shrink solid masses, slow tumor growth, or control cancer symptoms ( 8– 10). Palliative care has been a mainstay of the treatment of human patients with advanced and incurable cancers for many years. Radiation therapy is a relatively effective and noninvasive treatment for local control of canine intranasal tumors ( 1– 4, 6, 7). Surgical resection is associated with significant morbidity and is rarely complete due to the complexity of the surrounding anatomical structures. Dogs with intranasal tumors that remain untreated have a median overall survival time (OS) of 1.5–3.1 months ( 5, 6). They are locally aggressive and invade surrounding tissues, but gross metastatic disease is not commonly identified on routine staging tests performed at the time of diagnosis ( 2– 5). Sixty to 75% are carcinomas and the bulk of the remainder are sarcomas. Nearly all canine intranasal tumors are malignant. Intranasal tumors account for 1–2% of all neoplasms in dogs ( 1). No significantly differences were observed in side effects, TTLP, PFS and OS between 3DCRT and IMRT groups.Ĭonclusions: Palliative-intent conformal radiation therapy given in five daily 4 Gy fractions relieved clinical signs with minimal radiation side effects, with no statistical difference in occurrence between 3DCRT and IMRT dogs. The median OS for 3DCRT or IMRT was 295 days and 312 days, respectively ( p = 0.787). The median PFS for 3DCRT or IMRT was 228 days and 175 days, respectively ( p = 0.940). The median TTLP for dogs treated with 3DCRT or IMRT was 238 days and 179 days, respectively ( p = 0.967). Only one dog in 3DCRT group was demonstrated grade 2 skin acute effects. Almost all were classified as grade 1 skin, oral or ocular acute side effects. Eight dogs treated with 3DCRT (8/16, 50%) and 5 with IMRT (5/20, 25%) were documented acute radiation side effects. ![]() The median time to clinical signs improvement was 12 days (1–88 days) after the end of treatment. Clinical signs improvement or resolution were reported in 84% of dogs. Sixteen were treated with 3DCRT and 20 with IMRT. ![]() Results: Thirty-six dogs (24 carcinomas, 10 sarcomas and 2 others) met the inclusion criteria. Radiation side effects, time to local progression (TTLP), progression-free survival (PFS) and survival time (OS) were evaluated. Materials and methods: Medical records for dogs with intranasal tumors treated with 4 Gy × 5 fractions between 20 were reviewed. Objective: To compare the occurrence of radiation side effects and treatment outcomes in dogs with intranasal tumors treated with a total dose of 20 Gy delivered in 5 daily 4 Gy fractions using computer-based 3D conformal (3DCRT) or intensity-modulated (IMRT) radiation therapy plans. 3Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.2Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.Dah-Renn Fu 1 *, Hsin-Yi Weng 2, Carlos Roberto Mendez Valenzuela 3, Isabelle F. ![]()
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